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Explaining level changes

This calculation is done in two main parts; first work out the adjustment needed to match the results and then apply damping. This means that levels should always be 'about right' but the time taken to get there or the volatility is dependent on the damping.
A level also has 'level confidence' which drops if players haven't played for a long time or have had enexpected results. As low confidence levels adjust more quickly than high confidence levels, it allows these players to find their level more quickly without impacting their opponent's level too much.
Point scores are used as well as game scores for accuracy - particularly important for 3-0 results - though we can work with game scores only too, albeit with more damping.
Mismatched players are allowed for - you don't have to hammer your opponent. See explanation above if this applies to this match.
The section on damping is where we still have some options. We have recently made a change to damp league matches more than tournament matches and box matches even more than that. This gives added weight to the more important matches.
There are occasional, very small adjustments made to all players to keep the averages constant which are not covered here.
You don't get a bonus just for winning - if you want to go up you have to play better than expected against your opponent.
We have spent more than 5 years fine tuning the level calculations based on tens of thousands of match results and a great deal of feedback from players, team captains and coaches. It's the most usable and accurate ranking system there is in any sport, let alone squash.
For a more complete explanation of how levels are calculated (on which this system is based) see the help file here.
If you have thoughts/opinions on the above or any feedback on the way levels are calculated or updated, please contact us. We welcome all feedback, although we are keen squash players ourselves and would pefer to be on-court than in front of a screen so please be patient and please do try to see if your question has already been answered on the help page. We are unable to answer questions about hard anyone played in their match - we only get to see the results - and if your level didn't increase as expected please make sure you've looked at the above explanation before contacting us. If you want to go up the levels, train harder, listen to your coach and win more points. Or just be incredibly talented!

SquashLevels calculations

Mike Hayler v Lyndon Cheetham (Tue 11 Sep 2018)

Match won by Lyndon Cheetham. Result: 4-11,10-11.

Starting level for Mike Hayler: 2,212, level confidence: 34%.
Starting level for Lyndon Cheetham: 1,497, level confidence: 55%.
Mike Hayler to win as he is currently playing 48% better than Lyndon Cheetham.

Lyndon Cheetham won all of the games and 61% of the points.
This games result would be expected if he was better by around 55% or more.
This points result would be expected if he was better by around 57% (PAR scoring).
These are weighted and combined to calculate that Lyndon Cheetham played 56% better than Mike Hayler in this match. An upset!

Assuming that any level changes are shared between both players, for this result it looks like Lyndon Cheetham actually played at a level of 2,276 and Mike Hayler at a level of 1,455. Without any damping, both players would need to be adjusted by 52% to match this result.

Allowing for the difference in level between the players, the adjustments have been reduced to 41% and 41% respectively.
As this is a best of 3 match rather than best of 5, these adjustments have been reduced to 29% and 29% respectively.

Factoring in the relative levels of confidence which allows players with low confidence in their levels to change more quickly, the adjustment for Lyndon Cheetham changes to +19% and Mike Hayler changes to -29%.

After applying standard match damping, the adjustment for Lyndon Cheetham becomes +8.9% and for Mike Hayler becomes -11%.

Apply match/event weighting of 100% for 'Isle of Man Manx Pronto Dave Karran Memorial Tournament 2018' so the adjustment is unchanged.

Apply limits to the amount of change for a single match which are based on player level, level confidence and time since last match so that Mike Hayler is limited to -5% level change. In general a player's level won't go up by more than 10% or drop more than 5% if they've played in the last 7 days but those limits are relaxed if their previous match was further back.

Increase level confidence due to one more match played. Lyndon Cheetham: 74%, Mike Hayler: 59%. Reduce level confidence based on how unexpected the result is. Lyndon Cheetham: 49%, Mike Hayler: 39%.

A final adjustment of +0.2% has been made to both players as part of the automatic calibration that is performed after each match. All players in this pool will have been adjusted equally in order to remain equivalent to other player pools.

Final level for Mike Hayler: 2,112, level confidence: 39%.
Final level for Lyndon Cheetham: 1,634, level confidence: 49%.